Health Promotion for people with or at high risk of Metabolic Syndrome

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has drawn increasing attention among clinicians and health care researchers in the past years around the globe. The syndrome indicated the state a person experiencing a group of metabolic risk factors, which include impaired glucose intolerance; elevated fasting triglycerides (TG); decreased fasting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; elevated blood pressure; and central obesity (Alberti et al., 2009; Grundy et al., 2005). As indicated by American Heart Association (AHA), risk factors of MetS include central obesity, practice of atherogenic diet, and physical inactivity. Current guideline from AHA suggested that individuals with MetS at their pre-morbid state should be first manifested to lifestyle modifications including diet management and increase in physical activity (Grundy et al., 2005; Stone and Saxon, 2005). The aim of this study is to examine the effect of a health promotion program on health outcomes and health-promoting behavior of community-dwelling adults with MetS in Hong Kong. Recruitment will be carried out in the community centers and eligible participants meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. The estimated sample size will be 80 in each group. The intervention group will receive a 14-week health promotion program targeting on lifestyle changes. The program consists of 2 weekly 90-minutes group classes at week 1 and week 2. In the earlier section of the class (45 minutes), a nurse will deliver knowledge and information in regard to healthy lifestyle such as healthy eating and exercise. The latter section of the class (45 minutes), knowledge and skills required for a proper exercise regime will be demonstrated by a nurses and a exercise trainer. The nurse will meet participants in the intervention group during (week 5) and after (week 14) the health promotion program for health counseling. A telephone reminder will also be made to remind participants on healthy lifestyle and provide opportunities for asking questions at week 8 and week 10. Telephone reminders will also be made to remind participants on healthy lifestyle and provide opportunities for asking questions. The usual care group will receive general health education on healthy eating and exercise that is consistent with public health campaigns (DH, HKSAR, 2011). Anthropometric and behavioral assessments will be collected at baseline (T0), after the intervention (T1), and at 14-week (T2) upon the particpnat's enrollment in this study. Anthropometric data on body height, body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and body fat composition will be measured at all three data collection time (T0, T1, and T2). Blood tests on fasting blood glucose and fasting lipids will only be measured at the beginning (T0) and at the end of the study (T2) to evaluate effectiveness of the intervention. Behavioral outcomes will be measured at all three data collection time to assess changes in health-promoting behavior using a questionnaire (T0, T1, and T2). This study will provide explicit information on understanding the health beliefs of people with MetS. Moreover, the designed health promotion program will add foundation for future practice on primary preventive care for people at high risk of CVD.

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