None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
Pneumonia in children is a worldwide problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Rarely pneumonia is complicated by an ‘empyema’ where fluid collects around the lung and requires drainage with a tube. Many different types of bacteria can cause pneumonia and empyema. Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is one of the leading causes and has more than 90 different strains. It is unknown why some children are susceptible to pneumonia from SP; some evidence from adult patients suggests that there may be a genetic reason for susceptibility to Pneumococcal infection. Furthermore, viruses are commonly found in the upper airway of children with pneumonia and increase the risk of infection with SP. Vaccination can help prevent infection with many of the strains of pneumococcus. Australia recently introduced a vaccine which covers 13 of these strains. The main aim of this study is to look at the effectiveness of this newly introduced vaccine. The study will also look at the other bacteria and viruses that can cause pneumonia in children in Australia using sensitive molecular tests.
Interventions
Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. While vaccination programs against pneumococcus are highly effective in reducing invasive pneumococcal disease, there are concerns that they may lead to serotype replacement disease; a phenomenon which has been reported in children with empyema, a complication of pneumonia. This study will assess the effectiveness of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV) program (which includesad
Pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. While vaccination programs against pneumococcus are highly effective in reducing invasive pneumococcal disease, there are concerns that they may lead to serotype replacement disease; a phenomenon which has been reported in children with empyema, a complication of pneumonia. This study will assess the effectiveness of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (13vPCV) program (which includesadministration of 13vPCV to children and 2, 4 and 6 months, and an 18 month booster for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children residing in the NT) on hospitalised childhood pneumonia over 3 years. This study will also assess the bacterial and associated viral causes of pneumonia and empyema in children in Australia.
Sponsors
University of New South Wales
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
0 to 18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
1. Children < 18 years old hospitalized <24 hours 2. Xray confirmed pneumonia 3. Presumed infective aetiology 4. A full blood count performed and at least 250microL of blood in an EDTA tube available for further testing.
Exclusion criteria
1. Significant co-morbidity, including haematologic malignancy, post stem cell or solid organ transplantation, cystic fibrosis, congenital malformation of the lung 2. Hospitalised within 14 days of presentation
Outcome results
None listed