None listed
Conditions
Brief summary
The roles of indoxyl sulphate and p-cresyl sulphate as nephro- and cardiovascular toxins has recently gained recognition, although their true association and mechanisms behind their putative deleterious actions are yet to be investigated in human studies. The aim of this observational study is to gain a better understanding of the associations between these two protein-bound uremic toxins, IS and PCS, and Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD) and CKD progression, along with other poor outcomes seen in CKD. A secondary aim is to determine whether live kidney donors post nephrectomy have an increase concentration of these toxins and any association with morbidity in this population.
Interventions
Chronic Kidney Disease level of uremic toxins (serum analysis), CVD biomarkers (arterial stiffness by aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV); atheroma burden by carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and endothelial function by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery), and inflammation (serum markers) for two years.
All of the above will be performed at three time points baselines, 1 year and 2 year.
Sponsors
Princess Alexandra Hospital
Eligibility
Sex/Gender
All
Age
18 Years to 100 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion criteria
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (stage1-5D) >/= 18 years Able to provide informed consent
Exclusion criteria
Non CKD Unable/unwilling to give informed consent Unable/unwilling to comply with frequent follow-up Life expectancy was severely limited due to pre-existing malignancy or other disease (<6 months) Pregnancy
Outcome results
None listed